CS 112
Spring 2026
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Lab 5: Inheritance and polymorphism; Another practicum

  • Creating the necessary folder
  • Task 0: Understanding BigInt
  • Task 1: Writing a Custom Class
  • Supplemental tasks to be worked on at home, solutions to these tasks will be posted
  • Task 2: Understanding inheritance
  • Task 3: Understanding polymorphism
  • Task 3: Writing a Custom Class

Creating the necessary folder

Make sure to create a subfolder called lab5 within your cs112 folder, and put all of the files for this lab in that folder.

Task 0: Understanding BigInt

Task 1: Writing a Custom Class

Follow the instructions of your TA to write a logically organized class to create a Trading Game Class game!

You are welcome to collaborate and work in pairs, but you must individually upload your (paper) code or psuedocode onto the Gradescope portal by the end of lab!

Have Fun!!

Supplemental tasks to be worked on at home, solutions to these tasks will be posted

Task 2: Understanding inheritance

As we discussed in lecture, a class can extend another class. Let’s consider another example of this together.

Begin by downloading these files, making sure to save them all in your lab5 folder:

  • Animal.java
  • Cat.java
  • TestDriver.java

In VS Code, open your lab5 folder using File->Open Folder, and then click on the name of each file in the Explorer Pane to open an editor window for it.

Review each file and take note of how they are related.

Note: The Cat class will not compile until we first make some changes to it, so don’t try to compile and run anything yet!

  1. Which class is the superclass? Which is the subclass? What does it mean that the Cat class extends the Animal class?

  2. The Cat class cannot directly access the fields it inherits from Animal. Why not?

  3. The subclass constructor typically calls the superclass constructor to initialize the inherited fields. Write a constructor for the Cat class above. It should take as parameters the cat’s name and a boolean indicating whether it is short-haired, and it should call the superclass constructor to initialize the inherited fields.

    Update the test program to create an instance of class Cat.

    Cat c = new Cat("Kitty", false);
    
  4. To manipulate the inherited fields, the subclass can use the inherited accessor and mutator methods. Write a toString method for the Cat class above. It should return a string consisting of the cat’s name followed by either " (short-haired)" or " (long-haired)".

    Update the test program to test your method:

    System.out.println(c);
    
  5. The subclass can override an inherited method, replacing it with a version that is more appropriate. Write an isSleeping method for the Cat class. It should reflect the fact that cats seem to sleep all of the time!

    Update the test program to test your method.

  6. Let’s say that we now want to define a class called Abyssinian for cats that belong to that particular breed of short-haired cat. Which class should it extend?

  7. Go ahead and create a class named Abyssinian, defining it so that it extends the correct class. Use File->New File to create the necessary file for it, and save it using the correct name.

    Abyssinian should not have any new fields of its own. However, it should include:

    • a constructor that takes only a name, and that calls the superclass constructor to initialize the inherited fields. When making that call, make sure that it reflects the fact that Abyssinians are short-haired.

    • an isExtroverted() method that overrides the inherited version and replaces it with one that reflects the fact that Abyssinian cats are known to be extroverted.

    Once your class is created, go ahead and test out the methods in your main program.

  8. Another possible class for this hierarchy of animals is the Dog class, which you should examine now, although you don’t need to open it in your IDE. In addition to its inherited fields and methods, it has a boolean field isSmall, and methods isSmall() and bark().

  9. Let’s say that we have created an Abyssinian object and assigned it to the variable a:

    Abyssinian a = new Abyssinian("Abby");
    

    For each of the following method calls:

    • Indicate whether it will compile. Because the variable a is declared to be of type Abyssinian, a method call using a will compile if there is a corresponding method inside Abyssinian objects – either defined in the Abyssinian class itself or inherited from a superclass. A method call will not compile if there is no corresponding method in objects of that class.

    • If the method call will compile, specify which version of the method will be called. In other words, in which class can we find the version of the method that will be called?

    Here are the calls to test:

    1.     a.getNumLegs()

    2.     a.isExtroverted()

    3.     a.isSleeping(12, 30)

    4.     a.isSmall()

    5.     a.toString()

    6.     a.equals(a)

  10. You will notice a static method defined in the Animal class named printAnimalName. How can you call this method in your main program to print out the names of all the animal objects you have created? Note that it is a static method. How does this differ from the other methods of the class?

    Update the test program to test this method.

Task 3: Understanding polymorphism

Your work for this task should go on the piece of paper that we give you. Please show your paper to a staff member before you leave the lab.

Thanks to a feature of Java called polymorphism, we can do something like this:

ClassA myObject = new ClassB(...);

Where ClassB extends ClassA, or equivalently, ClassB is a subclass of ClassA. Specifying a more general type for myObject than the actual type of the object can be useful when writing a method that needs to take more than one type of object as a parameter, or when creating an array of objects of different but related types.

For example, if we wanted to have an array containing different types of animal objects, we could define the array as follows:

Animal[] zoo = new Animal[10];

Then, any element of the array could be of type Animal or any subclass of Animal. In other words, this would be allowed:

zoo[0] = new Dog(...);
zoo[1] = new Cat(...);
zoo[2] = new Abyssinian(...);

Consider the following class headers:

public class A extends B {
    ...
}

public class B extends C {
    ...
}

public class C {
    ...
}

public class D extends C {
    ...
}
  1. Draw an inheritance hierarchy for these classes.

  2. Which of these assignments would be allowed, taking into account the rules of polymorphism?

    1.       B myObj = new A();
    2.       B myObj = new C();
    3.       C myObj = new A();
    4.       A myObj = new B();
    5.       D myObj = new B();

Task 3: Writing a Custom Class

Follow the instructions of your TA to write a logically organized class to create a Trading Game Class game!

You are welcome to collaborate and work in pairs, but you must individually upload your (paper) code or psuedocode onto the Gradescope portal by the end of lab!

Have Fun!!

Last updated on February 19, 2026.